Kentucky
9th-12th Grades
State Standards
Career Studies
Essential Skills
ADAPTABILITY
ES.H.1: Use a decision-making process to develop solutions to real world problems.
ES.H.2: Model flexibility and willingness to try new things (e.g., critical thinking, problem solving).
COMMUNICATION
ES.H.17: Initiate and participate effectively in a range of collaborative discussions with diverse partners, building on others' ideas and expressing their own clearly and persuasively.
ES.H.17.a: Work with peers to set rules for collegial discussions and decision-making (e.g., informal consensus, taking votes on key issues, presentation of alternate views), clear goals and deadlines and individual roles as needed.
ES.H.17.b: Speak clearly at an understandable pace using appropriate facts and relevant, descriptive details and complete sentences when appropriate.
ES.H.17.c: Propel conversations by posing and responding to questions that probe reasoning and evidence; ensure a hearing for a full range of positions on a topic or issue; clarify, verify, or challenge ideas and conclusions; and promote divergent and creative perspectives.
ES.H.17.d: Respond thoughtfully to diverse perspectives; synthesize comments, claims, and evidence made on all sides of an issue; resolve contradictions when possible; and determine what additional information or research is required to deepen the investigation or complete the task.
ES.H.17.e: Present information, findings and supporting evidence, conveying a clear and distinct perspective, such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning, alternative or opposing perspectives are addressed, and the organization, development, substance, and style are appropriate to purpose, audience and a range of formal and informal tasks.
ES.H.17.f: Adapt speech, using both verbal and nonverbal skills, to a variety of situations, demonstrating command of formal English when appropriate.
ES.H.18: Respect individual differences and work collaboratively with people of diverse backgrounds, viewpoints and experiences.
ES.H.19: Practice effective conflict resolution strategies.
DILIGENCE
ES.H.3: Demonstrate resilience and perseverance by showing willingness to complete a task.
ES.H.4: Outline and examine goals and priorities necessary to complete tasks.
DRUG-FREE
ES.H.15: Identify and explain the consequences of substance abuse.
ES.H.16: Explain the need for random drug screening.
INITIATIVE
ES.H.5: Evaluate failure as a learning opportunity.
ES.H.6: Model on-task behavior.
ES.H.7: Demonstrate and evaluate personal responsibility and pride in assigned work (e.g., asking clarifying questions, self-directed learning, self-initiated learning, quality of work).
ES.H.8: Document and reflect upon mastered skills (e.g., portfolio, resume, application packet, etc.).
KNOWLEDGE
ES.H.10: Defend important concepts in learning to an authentic audience (e.g., city council, business and community partners).
ES.H.9: Apply important concepts in reading, writing, mathematics, science and technology to solve real-world problems.
RELIABILITY
ES.H.11: Demonstrate consistent punctuality in a variety of activities.
ES.H.12: Propose appropriate attire for various situations.
ES.H.13: Practice ethical behavior (e.g., honesty, trust, compassion, acceptance) in various situations.
ES.H.14: Model self-control in all situations.
Careers
APPLICATION
C.H.11: Identify and follow agreed-upon work skills (e.g., attendance, respect, preparedness, quality of work, time-management) that are necessary for both the classroom and workplace.
EXPLORATION
C.H.1: Explore various post-secondary options related to chosen career cluster or pathway.
C.H.2: Develop a plan for the expense of post-secondary education, including possible sources of funding (e.g., loans, scholarships, grants, military).
PREPARATION
C.H.10: Assess the relationship between personal behavior and employability (e.g., academic achievement, industry certifications, extracurricular activities, community involvement, driving record, impact of online behavior).
C.H.3: Examine a variety of resources available in selecting and planning for various occupations in a career cluster or pathway.
C.H.4: Develop common skills (e.g., academic and technical, including extracurricular activities, community experience, volunteer work, etc.) that allow for a variety of opportunities in a chosen career pathway.
C.H.5: Assess and modify the educational plan to prepare for future career opportunities by:
C.H.5.a: creating and continuously updating the Individual Learning Plan.
C.H.5.b: making decisions and setting goals for future plans.
C.H.5.c: demonstrating appropriate job seeking skills (e.g., college applications and scholarships, completing resume, job applications, participating in mock interviews).
C.H.6: Explore opportunities to develop skills needed to obtain and retain a job/career (e.g., visiting post-secondary institutions, apprenticeships, internships).
C.H.7: Evaluate a chosen career, including educational requirements, skills necessary to perform the job, potential earnings and job outlook in a geographical area.
C.H.8: Research and predict additional requirements/training that would create opportunities of growth within the career/field.
C.H.9: Practice being a good digital citizen (e.g., intellectual property, copyright, online reputation, cyberbullying, digital footprint).
Financial Literacy
CAREERS, EDUCATION & INCOME
FL.H.1: Identify the financial impacts of a career choice.
FL.H.1.a: Examine the relationship between personal financial goals and career choice.
FL.H.1.b: Evaluate the correlation between education, training and potential lifetime income.
FL.H.1.c: Compare the advantages and disadvantages of being an employee versus being self-employed.
FL.H.2: Analyze how economic conditions can affect income and career opportunities (e.g., job outlook and cost of living).
FL.H.3: Evaluate the costs of funding sources for post-secondary education and training.
FL.H.3.a: Identify funding sources (e.g., loans, scholarships, grants, work-study, military) to assist in post-secondary education opportunities and applicable costs.
FL.H.3.b: Examine the process for and benefits of Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) completion.
CREDIT & DEBT
FL.H.6: Develop strategies to control and manage credit and debt.
FL.H.6.a: Interpret the components of a credit report.
FL.H.6.b: Investigate ways that credit scores can affect a consumer's financial options.
FL.H.6.c: Compare the organizations providing credit counseling services.
FL.H.6.d: Understand the causes of and implications of bankruptcy.
FL.H.7: Analyze the costs and benefits of using credit.
FL.H.7.a: Discuss the purpose and role of credit and explain the value of building and maintaining a healthy credit rating, including elements of creditworthiness: character, capacity, capital, collateral and conditions.
FL.H.7.b: Identify the advantages and disadvantages of basic types of credit (e.g., unsecured versus secured credit, credit cards, installment loans, revolving credit, student loans and predatory lenders).
FL.H.7.c: Describe the risks, responsibilities and rights associated with using credit (e.g., APR, grace period, late fees, finance charges, default rates, interest and closing costs).
DECISION MAKING & MONEY MANAGEMENT
FL.H.10: Identify the components of a personal budgeting process:
FL.H.10.a: Align goals with desired lifestyle expectations.
FL.H.10.b: Develop a budget based on calculated income.
FL.H.10.c: Identify and prioritize fixed, variable, and periodic expenses.
FL.H.10.d: Emphasize proactive budget priorities (e.g., pay yourself first, emergency fund, insurance, charitable contributions).
FL.H.10.e: Compare tools for tracking a budget, income and expenditures (e.g., envelope system, paper tracking, online/software options).
FL.H.10.f: Emphasize comparison shopping, buying strategies, negotiation, sales/marketing strategies.
FL.H.10.g: Develop a system for maintaining personal financial documents including proper storage and disposal.
FL.H.11: Identify the major types of financial institutions and their products and services (e.g., CD, money market, checking/savings accounts).
FL.H.12: Demonstrate how to use different payment methods including checks, debit cards and digital services.
FL.H.13: Compare various types of financial professionals (e.g., planners, counselors, CPAs, investment consultants, insurance agents), their credentials, compensation methods, selection criteria and possible conflicts of interest.
FL.H.8: Identify why people make financial choices: Evaluate the role of emotions, attitudes and behavior; Recognize responsibility for financial decisions and consequences; Analyze opportunity costs.
SFL.H.9: Apply a formal decision-making model to make financial decisions (e.g., PACED: Identify the Problem; List Alternatives; Explain Criteria; Evaluate; Decide).
INSURANCE & RISK MANAGEMENT
FL.H.23: Identify common types of risk management strategies, including insurance, legal contracts, emergency funds and estate planning.
FL.H.24: Analyze the costs and benefits of using various insurance management strategies.
Identify the major types of insurance:
liability
property and casualty (auto, motorcycle, boat, jewelry, etc.)
health/dental/vision
life
homeowners/renters
disability
FL.H.24.b: Explain the tax implications of insurance.
FL.H.25: Identify strategies for protecting personal financial information and resources.
FL.H.25.a: Identify ways to avoid identity theft and fraud, such as securing sensitive financial data, using care in online activities and properly disposing of sensitive documents.
FL.H.25.b: Describe steps to recover from fraud and identity theft.
FL.H.25.c: Discuss ways to avoid financial scams such as Ponzi schemes and other illegal practices.
MONEY & THE ECONOMY
FL.H.17: Interpret the role and function of money in society:
FL.H.17.a: Explain the functions of money: medium of exchange, unit of measure, store of value.
FL.H.17.b: Explain how money facilitates trade, borrowing, saving, investing and comparing the value of goods and services.
FL.H.17.c: Explain that inflation is an increase in the overall price level that reduces the value of money.
FL.H.18: Identify the role of financial intermediaries in the economy (i.e., facilitates exchange between savers and lenders).
FL.H.19: Explain how government uses taxation to generate revenue, manage the economy and discourage/encourage certain behaviors.
FL.H.20: Explain that markets determine prices and allocate scarce goods and services through supply and demand.
FL.H.21: Explain the role of government in administering social insurance programs (e.g., unemployment, workers' compensation, Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security/OASDI).
FL.H.22: Identify the role of regulatory agencies, e.g.:
Federal Reserve
FDIC
NCUA
FTC
SEC
FINRA
IRS
State regulatory agencies
SAVING & INVESTING
FL.H.14: Examine implications of the time value of money:
FL.H.14.a: Examine the opportunity costs of saving versus spending.
FL.H.14.b: Analyze inflation and its effect on purchasing power.
FL.H.14.c: Calculate compound interest and explain the benefits of investing early.
FL.H.15: Evaluate investment alternatives:
FL.H.15.a: Differentiate between insured deposits and uninsured investments.
FL.H.15.b: Compare traditional and Roth IRAs.
FL.H.15.c: Examine various types of employer-sponsored retirement opportunities.
FL.H.15.d: Describe mutual funds, exchange‐traded funds, stocks and bonds.
FL.H.16: Explain the components of a prudent investment strategy compatible with personal financial goals: Risk versus reward; Risk tolerance; Diversification; Rebalancing.